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EU Orders Google to Open Android Features to Rival AI Assistants

The European Commission has mandated Google to grant rival AI assistants access to key Android features, including microphone and camera, by August 2027.

In a significant regulatory move, the EU has ordered Google to provide third-party AI assistants with access to critical Android features, such as the microphone and camera, by August 2027. This decision, part of the Digital Markets Act, aims to level the playing field but raises security concerns from Google.

EU Orders Google to Open Android Features to Rival AI Assistants

The European Commission issued a landmark decision on Thursday, mandating Google to grant rival AI assistants the same level of access to key Android features as its own AI assistant, Gemini. This includes access to the camera, microphone, screen contents, wake word functionality, and the ability to control other apps in the background. The changes must be implemented by August 2027, starting with the release of Android 18.

Key Decisions Under the Digital Markets Act

This order is part of two binding specifications adopted under the Digital Markets Act, six months after the Commission initiated proceedings in January. The second decision requires Google to share anonymized search query, click, and ranking data with rival search engines and AI chatbots for a cost-based fee. Neither decision imposes fines but sets clear requirements for Google's compliance.

Android Features Affected

The decision covers 11 Android operating system features, with five requiring certification before third-party apps can access them:

  1. Centralized access to on-device data (e.g., AppSearch).
  2. Context-aware intelligence (e.g., proactive suggestions like Magic Cue).
  3. Structured on-device integration (e.g., App Actions and Functions).
  4. Screen automation (e.g., Computer Control).
  5. System integration (e.g., settings, media, notifications).

Six other features, including ambient data, hotword detection, and background execution, will not require certification and will be open to all third-party apps.

Certification Program for Restricted Features

Google is required to establish a Qualified AI Assistant Programme to certify third-party AI assistants. Certification will be free of charge, and Google cannot revoke certifications without just cause. The programme's terms must be approved by the Commission, ensuring non-discriminatory access.

Security and Consent Requirements

While Google can require encryption and process isolation for sensitive features, it cannot restrict which third-party apps access the six unrestricted features. Users will also have the option to bypass certification requirements for specific services or devices.

Google's Objections

Kent Walker, Google's president of global affairs, criticized the decision, stating it could compromise device security by granting external apps sensitive permissions. He also raised concerns about the anonymization of search data, citing potential risks to trade secrets and national security.

Timeline and Next Steps

Google must submit draft terms for the certification programme by February 2027 and finalize them by May 2027. The changes will take effect by August 2027, with some features, such as concurrent hotword detection, delayed until August 2028.

Implications for App Developers

By August 2027, certified AI assistants will be able to interact with third-party apps, including opening them on a virtual display, reading screens, and performing actions in the background. Developers will need to prepare their apps for this increased interoperability.

Conclusion

The EU's decision marks a significant shift in the Android ecosystem, aiming to foster competition among AI assistants. However, it also raises security concerns and sets the stage for further scrutiny of Google's implementation of the new requirements.